文化背景和语言习惯的不同，中国人和西方人在表达方式上的明显差异构成了英汉语际翻译中的不同因素，下面尚语翻译公司为大家分享论文翻译方法有哪些?

　　The differences in cultural background and language habits and the obvious differences in expression between Chinese and Westerners constitute different factors in English-Chinese interlingual translation. What are the translation methods of this paper?

　　1.增译法(增补发)

　　1. Additional translation method (additional and reissued)

　　增译法是一种根据语法结构、表达习惯、语义连贯和修辞手法把实词与虚词、句子成分、原文中省略的词、主语、 概括性和解释性词增补到目标文本中的翻译方法。其目的是使得读者更好地了解原文的隐含信息。

　　Augmented translation is a translation method that adds notional words and function words, sentence components, omitted words in the original text, subjects, general and explanatory words to the target text according to grammatical structure, expression habits, semantic coherence and rhetorical devices. Its purpose is to make readers better understand the implied information of the original text.

　　(1)增加一个适当的名词

　　(1) Add an appropriate noun

　　(2)增加数量词。

　　(2) Add quantity words.

　　(3)增加形容词

　　(3) Add adjectives

　　(4)增加连词。

　　(4) Add conjunctions.

　　(5)增加一个适当的动词。

　　(5) Add an appropriate verb.

　　2.减译法(省略法)

　　2. Subtraction (ellipsis)

　　当我们在做英汉语际翻译时，我们或许会发现，一些在英文里不可或缺的词和短语翻译成中文时就变得多余了。换句话说，如果我们省略掉这些多余的词的话，译文会更加贴合目标读者的语言表达习惯。这种方法也叫做：省略法。正确使用省略法会是译文简介明了，通俗易懂。省略不是删掉原文中的某些内容，在不易减译的情况下，不要随便减。

　　When we do English Chinese interlingual translation, we may find that some indispensable words and phrases in English become redundant when translated into Chinese. In other words, if we omit these redundant words, the translation will be more in line with the language expression habits of the target readers. This method is also called ellipsis. The correct use of ellipsis will make the translation concise and easy to understand. Omitting is not to delete some content from the original text. Don't cut it casually when it is not easy to reduce translation.

　　(1) 省略代词。

　　(1) Omit pronouns.

　　(2) 省略连词。

　　(2) Omit conjunctions.

　　(3) 省略名词。

　　(3) Omit nouns.

　　(4) 省略动词。

　　(4) Omit verbs.

　　3.分译法:

　　3. Interpretation method:

　　英语长句子比较多，汉语句子相对而言比较短。在翻译时可以改变原文结构，把原文的某个成分从原来的结构中分离出来，译成一个独立成分、从句或并列分句。

　　There are many long sentences in English and relatively short sentences in Chinese. In translation, the structure of the original text can be changed, a component of the original text can be separated from the original structure and translated into an independent component, clause or parallel clause.

　　4.合译法:

　　4. Combined translation method:

　　和分译法不同，合译法是将不同的句子成分组合在一起，使其更符合汉 语的表达方法。

　　Different from the separate translation method, the combined translation method combines different sentence components to make it more in line with the Chinese expression method.

　　5.反译法:

　　5. Reverse translation:

　　一个问题有时可以从不同的角度来解释说明。有些句子英语是从正面 说的，汉语可以从反面来解释。

　　A problem can sometimes be explained from different angles. Some sentences are said from the front in English and can be explained from the back in Chinese.

　　(1) 否定译成肯定。

　　(1) Negation translates into affirmation.

　　(2)肯定译成否定。

　　(2) Positive translates into negative.

　　6.顺序调整法:

　　6. Sequential adjustment method:

　　一般来说，翻译时应该按照句子原来的顺序进行，但由于英汉两 种语言中定语、状语和一些其他成分的位置不完全相同，翻译时需要做一定的调整(例如采用倒译法)，使其符合汉语的习惯。

　　Generally speaking, the translation should be carried out according to the original order of sentences. However, due to the different positions of attributives, adverbials and some other components in English and Chinese, some adjustments (such as reverse translation) need to be made in translation to make it conform to Chinese habits.