人工翻译主要是通过人工的方式将一种语言转化为另一种语言的行为，下面尚语证件翻译公司给大家分享人工翻译的分类有什么?

　　Artificial translation is mainly the act of transforming one language into another through artificial means. What is the classification of artificial translation shared by Shangyu certificate translation company?

　　1、根据翻译者翻译时所采取的文化姿态,分为归化翻译和异化翻译。归化翻译是指把在原语文化语境中自然适宜的成分翻译成为在译入语言文化语境中自然适宜的成分,使得译入读者能够立即理解,即意译。而异化翻译是直接按照原语文化语境的适宜性翻译,即直译。

　　1. According to the cultural attitudes adopted by translators, they can be divided into domesticated translation and foreignized translation. Domestication translation refers to translating the naturally appropriate elements in the original cultural context into the naturally appropriate elements in the translated linguistic and cultural context, so that the translated readers can understand it immediately, that is, free translation. Foreignization translation is directly based on the suitability of the original cultural context, that is, literal translation.

　　2、根据翻译作品在译入语言文化中所预期的作用,分为工具性翻译和文献性的翻译。

　　2. According to the expected function of the translated works in the translated language and culture, it can be divided into instrumental translation and documentary translation.

　　3、根据翻译所涉及的语言的形式与意义。分为语义翻译和交际翻译。语义翻译在译入语语义和句法结构允许的条件下,尽可能准确再现原作上的意义,交际翻译追求译文读者产生的效果尽量等同于原作对原文读者产生的效果。

　　3. According to the form and meaning of the language involved in translation. It can be divided into semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantic translation can reproduce the meaning of the original as accurately as possible under the condition that the semantics and syntactic structure of the target language allow. Communicative translation pursues that the effect produced by the target readers is the same as that produced by the original readers.

　　4、根据译者对原文和译文进行比较与观察的角度,分为文学翻译和语言学翻译。文学翻译寻求译文与原文之间文学功能的对等,其理论往往主张在不可能复制原文文学表现手法的情况下,译文只能更美而不能逊色,缺点是不重视语言结构之间的比较和关系问题。语言学翻译寻求两者之间的系统转换规律,主张把语言学研究的成果用于翻译,同时通过翻译实践促进语言学的发展。

　　4. According to the translator's comparison and observation of the original text and translation, it can be divided into literary translation and linguistic translation. Literary translation seeks the equivalence of literary functions between the translated text and the original text. Its theory often advocates that the translated text can only be more beautiful but not inferior when it is impossible to copy the literary expression of the original text. The disadvantage is that it does not pay attention to the comparison and relationship between language structures. Linguistic translation seeks the rule of systematic transformation between the two, advocates the application of linguistic research results in translation, and promotes the development of linguistics through translation practice.

　　5、根据翻译目的与原语在语言形式上的关系,分为直译与意译。

　　5. According to the relationship between the translation purpose and the original language, it can be divided into literal translation and free translation.

　　6、根据翻译媒介分为口译、笔译、视译、同声传译等。

　　6. According to the translation media, it can be divided into interpretation, translation, visual translation, simultaneous interpretation, etc.